July 2018 - Stem Cell Therapy Treatments

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July 24, 2018

Stem Cell Therapy To Cure Ischemic Heart Disease In The Patients

July 24, 2018 0

Stem Cell Therapy To Cure Ischemic Heart Disease In The Patients

How do we breathe air? Our heart takes a major role in enabling us to breathe oxygenated blood supplied to our body pumped by its two ventricles. But, when there is a heart failure, this normal function of our body does not occur, resulting in complications of breathing and even deaths.  As is with many etiologies of the heart failure, ischemic heart disease is one of the leading causes of heart failure. Having its similarity with the myocardial infractions, it causes major health hazards.

Heart Failure a major health complication

With regard to this, stem cell therapy could improve the survival rate of the patients suffering from ischemic heart disease or myocardial infarction. However, prior to stem cell therapy, different types of therapeutics and clinical procedures have been used, but they did not show any promising outcome and contributed to the mortality rate. In addition, current therapies delay the progress and do not foster any repair and regeneration of cardiac tissues of the damaged myocardium.
stem cell therapy for heart disease
This is one of the key reasons to look out for the assistance for a heart transplant, a costly medical option, leaving so many frustrated over the financial burden. However, ever since the inception of the stem cell therapy in the year 1988 came forward, the stem cell-based therapy is proving to be a magical therapeutic method for a range of chronic diseases including heart failure.

The Role Of Stem Cell Therapy In Heart Failure Improvement

So far, stem cell therapy has proven to be an effective and promising treatment for the damaged cardiovascular tissues or myocardial tissues. We had enough evidence of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells, including induced pluripotent stem cells to regenerate myocardial tissues and cure heart failure in the animals and also different clinical trials. Ever since animal models and clinical trials have been successful to showcase the efficacy of cell-based therapies, application of stem cells thereby is widespread in the clinical settings to treat the conditions of heart failure.

Various Types Of Stem Cell Therapy For Ischemic Heart Disease

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
As linked to a heterogeneous population of fibroblast, mesenchymal stromal cells are a part of multipotent cells, which are able to differentiate into different types of lineages like osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. All these lineages foster the development of different tissues like bone, cartilage, adipose, and muscles. At the same time, many clinical trials were successful to show the potential of mesenchymal stromal cells to be differentiated into different types of cardiac tissues like endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes. Apart from bone marrow, these cells are easily isolated from various sources like umbilical cord, placenta, and adipose tissues. With special characteristics like surface markers, they are easily used for the treatment of cardiac injury because of their ease of isolation process.

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem cells belong to the earlier form of cells known as blastocysts. They are multipotent and equipped with self-renewal capacity to differentiate into many cell types. The different clinical trials had shown that human embryonic stem cells can easily differentiate into cardiomyocytes under a certain culture condition in the lab. It fosters the improvement of cardiac functions and also heartbeats. This therapy is not averse to challenges as well. The retention of injected hESCs is subject to pro-survival factors to ensure their adaptability to the injured site. And hence, using these cells, it is possible to increase the rate of their growth factor to the site.

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

They are different from bone marrow-derived stem cells. The isolation process of these tissues from the subcutaneous adipose tissues is quite a less expensive procedure for the treatment of myocardial infarction. These cells are heterogeneous and contain hematopoietic stem cells with different transcription factors, making them an easy product for the cardiomyocyte regeneration in vivo.
Heart failure and myocardial infarction are a major public health issue. With a rapid advancement in the clinical procedure of stem cell therapy, we can make it easily available for the treatment of this debilitating disease, and reduce the morbidity and mortality across the world.

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July 19, 2018

Suppressing Glioma Stem Cells- A New Hope For Brain Cancer Patients

July 19, 2018 1

Suppressing Glioma Stem Cells- A New Hope For Brain Cancer Patients

The glioma cancer stem cells-the culprit behind the occurrence of an aggressive and adamant type of primary brain cancer is called Glioblastoma multiforme. Its aggressiveness due to inbuilt defensive traits helps them maintain their resilience against any type of therapy and medications. Despite success in the preliminary treatment processes, the disease recurs and eventually becomes untreatable. In addition, its metastatic characteristic makes it possible to spread all over the body and foster recurrences. This is why, with more than 25% of young individuals and children are diagnosed with this disease every year, making it a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in America.

It is now devised to develop a new method to impact its defensive nature and eliminate the cancer stem cells from the root to stop the further destruction in the body.
stem cells for brain tumor

    A Brief Insight Into The Disease

    The brain cancer Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) occurs in the central nervous system and gradually attacks the neural system. Since the brain does not have much capacity to repair itself, it fails to respond to the treatment exhibited from outside. Therefore, this type of cancer can do a rapid damage to the adjacent body part. Based on this comprehensive understanding, researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University devised a new method to work on the defensive mechanism of the cancer stem cells.

    The pathway aimed at turning them inactive so that their maintenance behavior can be curtailed and a novel therapeutic could be discovered to cure this debilitating disease.
    The whole finding of the study is made available on the website of PNAS. It sheds light on the mechanism of glioma stem cells, through which they prevented cell death and spread.
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    What Makes The Glioma Stem Cells Prevent The Effects Of Surgery, Radiation, And Chemotherapy? 

    It is the high-grade gliomas, which tend to make the brain cancer stem cells resistant to various cancer-killing treatment methods. And this is the reason why these cancer cells in the brain tumors are so aggressive. Another key reason for the survival of glioma stem cells is their capacity to detach from the anoikis. We can recognize anoikis as apoptosis known to be a cell death, occurring when the extracellular matrix denies a cell’s existence within its proximity.

    This process is known as ‘scaffolding’ fosters the renewal of stem cells through differentiation and homeostasis.  However, glioma stem cells remain unaffected, and they can easily avoid anoikis using a protective mechanism autophagy, enabling them to recycle and eat their own cellular detritus.

    How To Curb Their Resistance To Various Therapeutic Ways?

    Scientists found that the MDA-9/Syntenin a type of gene is responsible to provide protection to the protective autophagy of glioma stem cells. In addition, the gene causes other types of cancer to be aggressive. Therefore, scientists came to a conclusion that an inhibition of MDA-9/Syntenin is a possible way to suppress the defensive mechanism of glioma stem cells.
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    Technique Used To Curb Their Resistance

    Not only does MDA-9/Syntenin monitor autophagy mechanism, but in compliance with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, this gene reduces toxicity and destruction in glioma stem cells. Since, EGFR has been linked to encouraging the growth, differentiation, and proliferation of tumor, tumor growth see a surge in different types of cancer using its signaling.

    Further, scientists proved that in the absence of the gene, EGFR signaling cannot perform independently. In addition, there is a relation between protective autophagy, resistance to anoikis and also the gene MDA-9/Syntenin. So, if the connection is dismantled, it is possible to restrict the protective and defensive mechanism of glioma stem cells, and further restrict the tumor development in the brain.
    The whole study carried out on a mouse model is now being devised to find ways to treat other cancer types too.
    So, by suppressing the gene expression of MDA-9/Syntenin, it could lead to discovering many improved cancer treatments in the future.

    stem cell therapy, stem cell transplant, cancer stem cells, glioma stem cells, brain tumor symptoms, brain cancer, brain cancer symptoms, signs of brain tumor, brain tumor types, 
    glioblastoma
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    July 16, 2018

    Treatment Of Bowel Disease Using Stem Cell Therapy

    July 16, 2018 2

    Stem Cell Therapy Is The Answer To Bowel Disease

    How will it be to form a new regenerative therapy using stem cells to have control over gut microbes? This would open up many doors to tracing the roots of various diseases caused due to gut microbes. This is how scientists at the University of Toronto are devising a tailor-made gut-inhabited microbe to release drugs when instructed.
    The team led by associate professor David McMillen is on their quest to develop regenerative medicine therapeutics to discover etiologies of intestinal diseases. In order to do so, they are eyeing to put an engineered bacterium into the gut to detect the source of different diseases occurred by the gut bacteria.

    The Proposed Idea Of The Interdisciplinary Project

    Intestinal stem cells are like progenitor or hematopoietic stem cells with an ability to proliferate and differentiate, and they are well-endowed with self-renewal capacity. Hence, when there are a wear and tear in the intestinal tissues, they can easily manage the damaged tissues through self-renewal capacity. Taking this into account, the scientists are collecting intestinal stem cells for regeneration in a culture dish, aiming to improve their capacity of natural healing power in the body, and also foster the tissue regeneration for replacement.
    stem cell therapy for bowel disease

    Physiological Process Leading To Bowel Or Intestinal Diseases

    The discoveries of science have us going surprised by its amazing traits and functions inside the body. Much to our surprises, nearly 100 billion cells confront an exit every day through an intestine as a result of extreme wear and tear, which occurs due to the digestion process in the body. However, due to these lost cells, we do not suffer any extreme health condition unless something goes wrong with the entire physical systems. We must thank to stem cells to replenish all these lost cells in collaboration with the intestines, and lend their assistance in repairing damaged tissues. However, when stem cell therapy cannot provide its support for tissue repair, we can suffer from a range of diseases from inflammatory bowel disease to cancer.

    The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease or IBD is quite high among the children aged fewer than six. Adults are also not safe from various types of IBD like Chron’s disease or ulcerative colitis, impacting heavily on the quality of the lives of every person suffering it.
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    What Makes IBD Act So Gruesomely?

    Replacing damaged or malfunction cells in the intestines are the normal functions of stem cells. However, the cells in the intestinal lining do not get any replacement, it is to create a hole in the gut, and as a result, the leaky gut cannot digest food properly, detoxify the wastes and ward off microbes from the gut. Therefore, the gut becomes vulnerable to developing IBD.

    Ways to curb IBD’s effects on health?

    The microbiome- the resident gut bacteria, often considered as a neglected organ is one of the crucial parts of our bodies to help us tackle many diseases by boosting our immune system. Hence, scientists inserted engineered gut microbe into the lining of the gut wall so as the manipulated microbe can detect an inflammation and possibly help find ways to treat and even cure IBD.
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    In addition, the gut bacteria are wired to secreting an enzyme called muramyl dipeptide (MDP), which makes a connection with receptor NOD2, residing in the stem cells. As per reports, this enzyme works in compliance with this receptor to influence intestinal stem cells to divide and create new cells for lining repair.

    It is likely to manipulate the gut bacterium to increase the production of MDP enzyme so as to curb the inflammation in the intestine. It is possible to trigger human receptors to urge stem cells so that they can double the healing of the gut lining and cure Crohn’s disease.
    From the study, we can hope for a fruitful approach in the future, which can better health using stem cells and the regenerative therapeutics and medicines. The days are not so far when we can achieve relief from these debilitating conditions with ease. And credits remain at the foot of stem cells. 

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    July 13, 2018

    Stem Cell Technique Holds Promises For Regenerative Therapy

    July 13, 2018 0

    Stem Cell Technique Holds Promises For Regenerative Therapy

    We know how regenerative therapy has proven a boon for medical applications in the real-time clinical settings. The basic of the tissue engineering is nothing, but the cell-based techniques using stem cells. Although there are different sources to harness stem cells, one of the primary sources to derive stem cells is adipose stem cells.

    Key Functions Of The Regenerative Therapy

    Stem Cell Regenerative Therapy
    Stem cells work at the cellular level by following proliferation and division techniques. When there is a wear and tear in the cells, stem cells tend to repair that damage and heal itself at a faster rate.  The healing of the particular cells is undertaken when the DNA confirms the damage in the particular site and instructs stem cells to use its reparative potentials.  Hence, the malfunctioning of the DNA interrupts the healing and regeneration process by stem cells, and no cure actually takes place. In that particular case, when our physical system loses its potential to heal and regenerate tissues following the stem cell proliferation and division, the entire works rest upon the regenerative therapy.

    The regenerative therapy is a cell-based therapeutic, aiming at repairing and regenerating damaged tissues in the body. 
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    When our body becomes matured, a significant trade-off mechanism is built. A matured cell tends to lose its capacity of the division, but it can specialize later. Muscle or tissue regeneration is necessary for life to sustain. Muscle cells, for example, can only contract since they are able to contract only. If all our muscles were specialized, we would have lost our potentials to proliferate, and as a result, our tissue cannot regenerate. Hence, this is a huge life-threatening risk for us. However, our body does not have to follow this risk as we tend to store a small number of stem cells, which are able to divide and replace damaged tissues.

    The Application Of Stem Cells For Regenerative Therapy

    Due to the specialized character of the stem cells, these elements are widely used for the tissue regeneration using the harvesting method from the donors. So, once they are harnessed, they are implanted in the patients to enable the tissue engineering procedures. However, this process does not work for those, who are infected with genetic degenerative disorders. People suffering from this ailment cannot donate their stem cells as they are useless for causing repair in the natural manner.
    Hence, it is highly deemed fit to collect stem cells from someone healthy.  And therefore, the collected tissues once implanted are able to regenerate a healthy and populated tissue in the affected area.
    At the same time, the collected stem cells can be manipulated to engineer into a required tissue in a petri dish in a lab. In this case, the cells are reprogrammed to mimic the normal tissue functioning so that they can divide and specialize into the tissue for the transplant. Burn injuries, for example, need harvested stem cells to grow the tissues in the lab for an implant. The process of tissue regeneration for burn victims are referred to as skin grafts.
    Therefore, stem cells can provide immense advantages for medical research and applications to treat genetic disorder as well as different physical ailments. We are thankful to the scientists that they are quite knowledgeable about the use of stem cells in the regenerative therapy

    The Primary Source Of Stem Cells To Aid Regenerative Therapy

    It is not hidden to any of us that regenerative therapies are based on stem cell clinical techniques. There is a wide range of sources like adult mesenchymal stem cells, embryonic stem cells to harvest stem cells. However, the most accessible source is the fat-derived adipose tissue to harness stem cells for the procedure of regenerative therapy. Since these fat cells are huge resourceful, stem cells can be collected at any time from any part of the body.
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    Its promising characterization to foster the growth factor in vascularization, it is ideal for the regenerative tissues. Hence, we can see its abundant use in the field of cosmetic surgery too.
    Let’s hope for a huge growth of regenerative therapy for prospective medical advances, so as to improve the quality of life of the mass.

    stem cell research, regenerative medicine, stemcell, mesenchymal stem cells, stem cell transplant, stem cell injection, adult stem cells
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    July 11, 2018

    Stem Cell Therapy Treatment For Adamant Cancer Cells

    July 11, 2018 0

    A Novel Stem Cell Therapy Is Up To Good For Adamant Cancer Cells

    Every one of us knows what functions does our immune system offer to our bodies. It builds a sturdy defensive mechanism against all the foreign intruders, making us immune to a wide range of diseases. Not only does it protect us from a common cough and cold, but it has a huge potential to restrict the glares of some forms of cancers in our bodies too.

    How The Immune System Works?

    The immune system works as a warrior as it offers the first line of defense for us.  The key component of the immune system is a white blood cell, otherwise known as a macrophage. It is for the macrophage, we are protected round the clock as it keeps strolling around our various systems and combating those wicked, infected and cancerous cells.
    stem cell therapy for cancer cells

    Why Cancer Cells Become So Aggressive?

    Have you ever thought if that white blood cell works round the clock in our bodies, how do we fall victims to those hard-to-treat cancer cells?
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    That’s because cancer cells have a protein called ‘CD47’ on their surfaces, while a protein called SIRPalpha binding to macrophages works in alliance with ‘CD47’ protein. The combination of these proteins helps cancer cells to avoid the clutches of the macrophages by emitting a signal ‘don’t eat me’, and thus, cancer cells escape their engulfing grasp.

    However, this unique ability of cancer cells can be outperformed by a novel stem cell therapy designed by scientists at the Stanford University. Researchers Irv Weismann and his associate Ravi Majeti developed the new stem cell therapy through a preclinical development trial using funds from the California Institute of Regenerative Medicine (CIRM) and Forty Seven Inc. The clinical trials backed by the Stanford University raise hopes to deactivate the performance of CD47 and develop new therapies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), solid tumors and also colon cancers.

    How The Therapy Appear To Be Affective On CD47?

    The stem cell therapy consisting of the two monoclonal antibodies such as 5F9 and Rituximab can bind to the surface of CD47 and SIRPalpha and deactivates the signal “don’t eat me” from cancerous stem cells. Therefore, cancer cells can no longer exert their functions to impact the immune system. Interestingly, the cancer cells are infused with cancer stem cells, and therefore they can proliferate at a faster rate and cause tumor relapses. 

    The Results Of The Therapy

    The therapy along with antibodies and Rituximab resulted in a drop of remission by 50% for patients with relapse in the clinical trials. The trials are still underway, but it is hard to say that this therapy offers a greater efficacy to kill cancer cells by blocking CD47 protein signal only.
    Scientists found that blocking the action of CD47 is not everything to make macrophage fight aggressive cancer cells. Despite macrophages killing cancer stem cells, some stubborn cancer cells can easily cloak themselves and remain active in the body.
    Even though ‘don’t eat me’ signal is turned off, the cancer cells seem to follow some other signal to survive.
    And therefore, the high levels of MHI or Major Histocompatibility Complex class I became an essential tool for the detection of cancer cells’ resistance to macrophages. It guides another immune system in the body to detect the happenings in the body. When the cells of another immune system like T and B cells find something disturbing, they can destroy them.

    However, MHI class I protein binds to a protein known as LILRB1 on macrophages and protect cancer cells by triggering ‘don’t eat me’ signal. Thereby, when either of the functions of MHI Class I or LILRB1’s signals is turned off, the macrophages get their strength back and fight cancer cells all over again. The entire observation was carried out in a petri dish or an animal model.
    The therapy can prove to be effective to fight the stubborn tumor growth and cancer stem cells in the real clinical settings one day. The wait is there only for the clinical trial so that it can get the success on the participants as well.

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    July 05, 2018

    Stem Cell Therapy Lending Its Hand To Cure Heart Impairment

    July 05, 2018 1

    Stem Cell Therapy Lending Its Hand To Cure Heart Impairment

    Stem cell therapies have been doing the rounds since long because of their life-saving potentials and best medical applications for chronic diseases and also disease testing. As with many other health complications, cell-based therapies are showing satisfactory results for heart disease also. According to a study published by the American College of Cardiology’s 65th Annual Scientific Session, a novel stem cell therapy can improve long-term health complications associated with severe and final stage cardiac disorder.

    Cardiac Complications

    So, what does happen when your left ventricle of the heart start malfunctioning? It stops pumping blood to your body, preventing all the necessary physical functions at its best. Gradually, it contributes to many complications, which later weakens your cardiac functions.  Sometimes, the condition increases the chances of sudden cardiac death due to loss of cardiac functions. This is one of the natural reasons for most adults in the U.S to lose their lives. We cannot refer to sudden cardiac death as heart failure, but it is a condition, occurring during the heart attack or failure. However, stem cell-based therapies or therapeutics can facilitate the cardiac treatment and enhance the living and quality of life of the victims at ease.
    cardiac function
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    While the therapeutics offer multiple clinical benefits for the cardiac patients, they are promising as well to heal wounds in the cardiac system. Maybe, this is surprising for you, but it has happened recently, which claims to heal the 11-year-old boys wound in the left ventricle and resurrects him to get back to his normal life with a little ability to perform tasks.

    How Stem Cell Helped The Boy To Lead A Normal Life?

    It has been all because of the stem cell procedures, which enabled Braden Heckendorn to fight tough battles with his life over the past few years and lead an active life today.
    In December 2013, Braden Heckendorn was playing with a pellet gun in his relative’s house. Meanwhile, the gun malfunctioned and the pellet shot through his armpit and finally hit his left ventricle. He was down with no sense for twenty minutes, while his father, Bruce Heckhendorn was doing cardiopulmonary resuscitation on him. This helped him revive but he suffered a major heart stroke after 96 hours. He was admitted to the hospital with a range of health issues like sight difficulties, inability to talk and walk. Since he had developed brain injuries; the doctors had limited options to provide better clinical benefits to him. When all the methods failed, Braden’s parents turned to a stem cell institution to collect a match for their child and approached them to develop tissues for him. Braden Hackendorn gave his blood sample to one of the stem cell organizations, which was manipulated later to turn into mesenchymal stem cells in a petri dish in a lab.

    Coaxing stem cells to turn them into cardiac cells would have not possible five years ago in the U.S. And in the near future, it seems nearly impossible as the FDA has approved only cord blood-derived stem cells to be used for the clinical applications and drug development.
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    However, he received the treatment for his injured heart from a stem cell organization in Mexico.
    With his heart not functioning properly for 22 minutes after that accident, he became paralyzed.  But, after the transplant, he is perfectly alright and showing signs of improvement. He can use his hands to eat and dress himself.

    Since mesenchymal stem cell therapy has been successful to cure his heart ailments; we can be hopeful to receive this type of therapy in abundance in the future too. And one day, there will be no more apprehension regarding chronic diseases and cancers too.

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    July 01, 2018

    Muscle Stem Cells Could Help Old People With Work

    July 01, 2018 0

    Curbing Mutations In Muscle Stem Cells Could Help Old People With Work

    Our ability to perform certain functions is dependent on how we exert the muscular techniques. As long as we are young enough, the muscular capabilities remain active and aid in the execution of different functions. But as we grow older, the muscular functions fall short of our expectations and cannot offer a greater level of strength to perform any tasks. This is something which occurs due to an unprecedented number of mutations in the stem cells of muscles. The mutations impair the regeneration of cells, and inhibit the further progress of muscle functions; as a result, it deprives older individuals of their physical ability to perform tasks. This new study has been brought to the light by researchers at Karolinska Institute.

    The study has raised a hope to develop a new drug or medication to help build stronger muscles no matter how older we become.
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    Reasons Behind Aging Muscles And Its Deformity

    For everything which hinders our capacity to work properly while we age, is mainly for muscle stem cells or satellite cells. These cells do not exert any muscular functions as they remain dormant in the muscle tissues. However, they are likely to proliferate and specialize to replace damaged tissues or organs when influenced by the external forces like physical workout or injuries. This is a well-grounded restorative function of muscle stem cells, but these functions reduce too with age and it does not advocate for any tissue regeneration through self-renewal capacity. As a result, the agility and strength of aging muscles deteriorate and decline. Therefore, the study clearly focuses on how there is a distinct relation between aging muscle and stem cells.
    stem cells of muscles
    Until now, there has been no clear indication why aging muscles lose its flexibility to perform a task. But, this is now clear as the study has successfully established how mutations in muscles play a key role in hindering the task performing ability to age muscles as compared to their younger counterparts.

    How The Study Validated Muscle Elasticity?

    In the study, they found that a healthy 70-year-old could collect as high as 1000 mutations in each of their muscle cells. These mutations cannot inhabit every cell, and the cells without these mutations are better protected and providing an adequate performance capability to a person. The study was successful to focus that with age, this strength of the cells also declines for the natural cell division process. As a result, an aged muscle loses its capacity to repair DNA. This leads to a novel pathway for scientists to discover a new method to influence the muscle with a newly developed drug.

    How The New Therapy Is Devised?

    In order to invent a new drug to foster the DNA repair and inhibit the impairment of muscle elasticity and functions, scientists turned to single cell DNA sequencing methods. The single cell genome sequencing helped them identify how each muscle stem cell does have a direct influence from a complex mutational burden. At the same time, the number of these mutations is two-three times higher in the cells of aging persons than younger counterparts. This is the reason why younger individuals are more fit and active to perform their tasks with more flexibility and agility as they do not show any sign of higher number of mutations.

    In addition to this, the new drug development would also take into consideration the role of physical exercise to counteract the mutational influence on the muscle cells.
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    So, if researchers can find out a new trigger to reduce the influence of the mutational reactions in cells, it is possible to discover new workout programs for aging populations too. And we can expect healthy old people to lend their shoulders to increase the productivity of young individuals.

    stem cell therapy, stem cell of muscles,  joint disorder, knee arthritis, stem cell anti aging, stem cell knee repair, stem cell banking, cord blood banking, 
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