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April 23, 2018

Stem Cells: Treating Heart Disease With Umbilical Cord Blood

April 23, 2018 2

Treating Heart Disease With Umbilical Cord Blood

So far, we have enough evidence that the stem cells derived from the umbilical cord blood have the potential to do the magic. The magic is nothing, but in the form of regenerative medicines and therapies, that could help us combat a range of chronic diseases. Now, the researchers at the American Heart Association has once again brought us good news for the patients with cardiovascular issues. The insight of their research has been published in the medical journal Circulation Research.


Until now, we have to use invasive procedures to cure the patients with heart failure complications. But, the latest findings focus to aid in the development of noninvasive therapies using the umbilical cord. By using the therapy, it will be possible to make improvements in the heart muscles and make changes to the quality of the life.

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The  Concern Over The Disorder
heart failure stem cells

When the heart muscle cannot have the ability to pump blood effectively, it is known as heart failure. Nearly 37 million people globally are suffering from this heart disease. We have too many medical advances, still, we cannot treat people with heart complications. And a huge number of patients die every year despite being diagnosed with heart failure symptoms. So, the finding of the study is useful for us to get rid of the disorder.

The Elaborate Finding Of The Research

The trial showed a huge potential in favor of the patients taking part in the clinical trials. As many as 30 patients with lower to moderate level of heart failure complications participate. They aged between 18 to 75. Before these patients could receive intravenous infusions of umbilical cord-derived stem cells, they all had minimal drug therapy. The donors for the trials had full-term developed placentas from which the umbilical cord has been derived. Some of the patients received placebo also to determine the efficacy of the stem cells.
stem cell heart transplant

Consequences Of The Stem Cell Therapy As Compared To The Placebo

  • The patients had an improved life with a flexible capacity to pump blood to the heart and back to the whole body.
  • The quality of life has been
  • There was no side-effect, which is a quite common post any stem cell transplants. This apart, no sign of alloantibodies, or what we know by immune complexes was not detected so far.
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Umbilical cord stem cells did not show any potential though, the current studies are quite promising. We could no longer worry about the adverse effects of the cardiovascular complications, from now onwards. As is with intravenous umbilical cord stem cells, they are easily available, and accessible. Therefore, they raise more positive hopes for us. They are free of all incumbrances as we generally find in case with embryonic stem cells. Since they do not cause any immune complexes, they are a great scientific tool for the scientists for medical advances.

Why Choosing Umbilical Cord In Place Of Drug Therapy?

Such discovery is a way of living life better for many patients with cardiovascular symptoms. Earlier we have many instances which showcase that drug-based therapy is ineffective in case of heart diseases. They are not able to offer maximum benefit to alleviate the heart failure conditions. And that’s being one of the leading causes of patients’ concer, they opt for different invasive therapies. There are heart transplantations and ventricular mechanical assist device therapies, which often prove to be quite pricey for the patients.  

“The finding of the study is quite promising for us, as they could pave the way to develop non-invasive and promising new therapy for the patients with cardiovascular complications,” said the study correspondent author Fernando Figueroa.

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April 20, 2018

Stem Cell Summit:Ways To Improve Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cell Performances

April 20, 2018 0

Why Should We Look Beyond Anti-CD 19 CAR-T Cells? 

In the recent stem cell summit, we had so many strategies to improve the quality of stem cell transplants and make them successful. One of such strategies undertaken in the January Summit, held in Florida raises a concern over the performance of CD19 and finds pathways to improve its efficacy to target solid tumors.


The success of clinical studies on the efficacy of modified T cells garnered our hopes in the development of novel therapeutic treatments. We have witnessed that modification of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have been able to defy the cytotoxicity of tumors in many clinical studies. Engineered CD19 CAR-T cells being active in inducing anti-inflammatory immunity against B-cells malignancies, these cells are participating in the development of cancer adoptive immunotherapy.
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However, the hurdle in its way seems to be its ineffectiveness to combat solid tumors. We can find several factors that work against various approaches of these modified T-cells. The first one being the neoplasm activity of the microenvironment, which does not allow CAR-T cells to survive and reach the tumor surface. The host’s defensive mechanism becomes ineffective due to the useless anergic status developing from the ambiguous interactive communication amongst tumor components, stromal and immune cells.


Amidst these confusions, what pathways we should take to improve the performance of CD19 CAR-T cells? Or Should we look beyond some other immunotherapy to treat solid tumors?
stem cell research car-t cells

Efficacy Of CD19 CAR-T Cells

Anti-tumor efficacy of anti CD19 CAR-T cells has been expressed in children and adults through many clinical studies. T-cells can express its anti-immunotherapy properties against a series of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and other B-cell malignancies. We have two anti-cancer immunotherapies infused with anti-CD19 CAR-T cells named YESCARTA and KYMRIAH. Both these drugs are useful in suppressing B-cell expressions.


While this antigen CD19 CAR-T cell is capable of treating many B-cell malignancies, it is ineffective to even target solid tumor cells. Why so?

Factors Behind CD19 CAR-T Cells Being Inefficient In Solid Tumor Control

Its poor efficacy against malignant epithelial cells is due to the lack of capacity to target specific antigens in the microenvironment. Its inability to target active splice variant of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), causes the growth of solid tumors and creates a hostile nature for its survival.

Ways To Improve Antigen Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cell Performances

While this immunotherapy fails to provide a positive result for the patients with solid tumors, other antigens like anti GD-2 CAR-T cells have shown some promises to treat different malignant conditions in clinical trials. Therefore, we can demand more clinical trials which can bring forth the introduction of anti-cancer immunotherapy using antigens.
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By using IL-2 support and increasing the number of cells for the ACT in melanoma, we can achieve a positive result for patients with solid tumors. Simultaneously, the physical barriers created by epithelial and mesenchymal cells need to be restricted to prevent ill effects of the cytotoxic functions of the solid tumors. And to effectively increase its efficacy against solid tumors, its persistence, eruption in the environment and tumor homing should be increased.

At the same time, if this antigen underperforms despite some changes, we should look beyond this. A recent study showed that BCMA targeted CAR-T cells can effectively perform on tumor-specific cells to stop further spread of the diseases. Many clinical trials have shown promises that this antigen could provide adequate relief from multiple myeloma.

So, we can rest assured that clinical studies and research could bring us effective CAR-T cells based immunotherapy in order to combat multiple malignancies and myeloma in future.

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April 12, 2018

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy to Increase the Survival Rate in HLHS

April 12, 2018 0

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy to Increase the Survival Rate in HLHS

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy seems an appropriate answer to the severities of HLHS disease. The congenital heart defects hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) does not allow babies to survive more than an average of five years after the birth. For the heart surgeons, it is one of the most challenging and complex forms of heart disorder to treat using surgeries and heart transplant.

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

The disorder leaves us with an incomplete developed left ventricle in the heart, which takes a key role in pumping blood to the lungs. As per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, every year 960 babies are exposed to this disorder, and if left untreated the outcome is always fatal.
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In normal, when we have healthy hearts, the right ventricle does not have to work hard to supply deoxygenated blood to the lungs from the body. The left ventricle, on the other hand, uses a greater level of strength to pump resupplied blood back to the body. However, with HLHS, the right side of the heart has to take the double workloads, as well as maintaining the blood circulation to both lungs and body. So, when the stress is too much for the right side of the heart, the heart fails to work and causes the baby to die.

Type of Treatments

HLHS requires three types of surgeries in order to be treated completely- the first one performed at the birth,  the second one at 4 months of age and the final one at the age of 2 or 4. However, it does not always promise to offer a curative treatment as patients with this disorder are more likely to die even after a heart transplant.
stem cell transplant for babies

Since open heart surgeries or transplant are not providing promising results, the only curative treatment option appears to be the stem cell therapy


We have more instances that support the use of stem cell therapy in the treatment of HLHS in babies. In a more recent incident, surgeons in Maryland injected the cells derived from bone marrow of the donor into the heart of baby Autumn Brown with HLHS. The four-month baby Autumn is now a part of the stem cell study with 10 babies at the  University of Maryland Medical Center. Both Wayne Brown and LeeAnn Janes, Autumn’s parents are hopeful for a better outcome of the clinical trial for their baby. As Autumn ’s mother wants nothing more than her healthy life, she expects that she will lead a normal life with implanted stem cells in her heart. More instances show that she is improving and will meet her relatives soon. Janes said, “I could see the stem cells as creating a super heart.”
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The Finding of Their Study

The research carried out by Dr. Kaushal had an objective of boosting or regenerating the right ventricle in patients with HLHS so that their right heart could pump blood strongly. Their research also showed that babies with implanted mesenchymal stem cells are doing well.
hlhs stem cell transplant babies

MSCs have allogenic properties, so they can easily expand in the culture, and are a perfect source for the trail. MSCs prove to be effective in restoring heart functions in a clinical trial, which focuses the same features for HLHS too. These cells are capable of forming heart muscles and restraining the heart muscle from dying.


The finding of the study suggested that the same techniques will work for patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome too.

We have earlier seen that stem cells provide a great potential to regenerate heart muscles. So it is believed that the result of the study will work better in case of pediatric patients too. That’s because hearts in younger individuals have better opportunity to grow as opposed to the older patients since the body is still in the development phase.

So, we can hope this novel therapy will one day improve the health of little patients who have a vulnerability to mortality.

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March 23, 2018

Stem Cell Transplant:Treating Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome

March 23, 2018 0

Treating The Conditions Of Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome With Stem Cell Transplant

Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome or most popularly known as MHC Class II deficiency is a rare form of immunodeficiency disease. Children are at high risk as the disorder leaves its impact mostly on them. The disease may attack the patients when there is either deficiency of HLA Class I or Class II antigens on the cell surface.The allogeneic stem cell transplant is the only curative treatment options for this immunodeficiency disorder.

Health Complications Of The MHC Class II Or BLS

The occurrence of the disease may defer your body from developing responsible genes through chromosome 6. It hinders antibody from forming and restricts the cells from responding to the specific antigens. It is evident to experience more physical complications in the respiratory and digestive tract. And as a result, your normal life finds it difficulty in breathing and digesting food.
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More severe complications are there for you when you develop the immunodeficiency disease. You are likely to develop hypogammaglobulinemia, which results in recurrent viral infections caused by parasites and bacteria.

Treatment Choices for BLS

Utero Stem Cell Transplant
You could find a treatment solution for this disease from allogeneic or HLA matched stem cell transplant. However, the survival rate of the patients is highly dependent on the donor cell types.  HLA matched donor transplant improves the survival quality, while the unmatched donor cell transplants offer you 50% of survival success.

Hindrances to SCT for BLS

The relief from the debilitating complications of the disease finds its way through a successful allogeneic stem cell transplant. On failure of the transplant, most children may succumb to infections in their first phase of life.
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Other than this, the alternative donor transplant does not suit the process of the Stem cell transplant. Similarly, other types of immunodeficiency diseases do not benefit from this process as well. Till date, the stem cell transplant using alternative donors increases the chances of Graft-versus-host-disease reactions, incessant graft rejections, and even mortality due to infections.

Study Favoring The SCT For Curing Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome

If you look at the finding of a study carried out on the 16 diseased children, you will have a clear idea about the efficacy of the SCT.

In 1990, 16 affected children were ready for the transplant with the samples. The specimens were derived from HLA unrelated family member, HLA matched adult donor and mismatched cord blood donor. These patients were under treatment in four different medical centers.
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None of the patients had experienced chronic GVHD after the first transplant. However, five patients who underwent the second phase of transplant experienced graft failure. And six patients amongst them developed acute GVHD complications. In spite of that, Stem cell transplant seems to offer the best survival results at 69% of success rate for the children.


Another process for the treatment of bare lymphocyte syndrome is utero stem cell transplant. Many fetal disorders or immunodeficiency disorders like BLS gain good benefits from the utero stem cell transplant.

Utero Stem Cell Transplant

The possible treatment for BLS depends on the maternal T-Cell to be injected intravascularly. With the use of the maternal cells, the results achieve the highest chimerism levels. The robustness of the transplant remains stable for a period of two years with no traces of GVHD. This apart, the utero stem cell transplantation offers many curative treatments for dreadful diseases.

This therapy also reduces the relapse complications caused due to GVHD. Simultaneously, the donor cells receive a better environment to develop in the host fetal cells.

So, we can expect more of such therapies to relieve the health compilations of BLS at the earliest soon after the transplant takes its course.

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March 18, 2018

Stem Cell To Offer A New Life To The Damaged Heart

March 18, 2018 0

Stem Cell To Offer A New Life To The Damaged Heart

Do you prefer investing to buy a new thing, if a little repair or patch could help you out? Definitely not! The process helps you revive the product’s life, and also saves you money from a big expenditure.This is how the same way a stem cell patch is aimed at healing the damaged or injured heart. And hence, they allow you to breathe a new life once again. The biologists at the University of Cambridge’s Stem Cell Institute developed such patches using the heart stem cells.

The Development Procedures Of Heart Patches

The team of researchers did not rely on the donor’s tissues. Instead, they collected stem cells from the heart tissues of the patients and developed live patches for the heart. The tiny patches are not very large in size, merely measuring about 2.5 square centimeters. However, it is a powerful tool to mend defects in the heart and can aid in recovering from a range of cardiovascular ailments.

heart transplant stem cells

In the lab, the heart tissues were cultured on a tray over a month. Researchers injected blood cells in those tiny heart patches and reprogrammed them. With the reprogramming inputs, the patch cells were capable of growing into different cells in the human body. For instance, they could regenerate various heart tissues, including epicardium, blood vessel cells, and heart muscle cells. Later a scaffolding tissue was used for the organization and alignment of the perfect heart tissues.

How The Heart Patch Will Work

The epicardium cells are an important compound in our body. They play a key role in the development of our cardiovascular tissues. That apart, when embryonic cells are going through a development process, epicardium tissues help in transferring signals to the developing heart.
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Since the heart patches are made from the heart tissues, they are easier to be adaptable to the damaged heart surface of the patient. These functional patches are adept at beating and contracting in sync with other cells in your body too.

How Can The Patch Be Assimilated To The Patients’ Scarred Organ?

The whole process of the assimilation of the heart patch takes less than a whole heart transplant. Surgeons are likely to do an MRI and ultrasound scan to trace the defect structure in the heart. This scar identification is necessary to develop a3D print of the customized heart patch. The surgeons stitch the stem cell patch to the scar of the heart. And the patch gets along well with the arteries and veins in the body.

The whole process seems to be useful for the patients with severe heart failure. In such case, the patient’s heart tries to adjust to the damaged tissues.

Benefits of the Stem Cell Patches

Until now, you have to wait for a matched donor for a heart transplant, and that too from a healthy and young people. But, it is not that young people die every day and hence the scarcity in the supply of the organ. Most often, patients die due to being on the waiting list for years.
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Another way, the techniques of injecting stem cells into the scarred heart, saw failures. The stem cells get lost in the bloodstream, and cannot stay closer to the damaged heart.

So, stem cell patch is a relief for you. The scaffolding tissues in the stem cell patch prevent the users from further use of immunosuppressant drugs. They also reduce the risk involved with heart transplants.

If the trials on animals get an approval, you can see a hasty process for the human clinical trials too within years.

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March 17, 2018

Alzheimer’s and Dementia:Stem Cells To Reduce The Protein Functions In The Brain

March 17, 2018 0

Stem Cells To Reduce The Protein Functions In The Brain Of Alzheimer’s

The devastating neurological conditions may occur to people from severe blows to their heads. And finally, it takes the shape of mental illnesses like Alzheimer’s and Dementia. Dementia and Alzheimer’s patients need to be under constant treatment and medication to improve their conditions but to no avail.

Recent studies emphasize to improve the conditions of these mental illnesses of the patients. The curbing of the toxic build up in the brain using stem cell proteins may reduce the conditions. The Scientists at the University of Washington Health Sciences have thrown a light on it.

The Severity Of Alzheimer’s And Dementia

Around 5 million citizens of America are under the attack of this disorder. The occurrence of the disorder leads to memory loss, defects in the thinking process, and deterioration in the cognitive skills. It waves at other debilitating conditions as well.
Your condition may deteriorate with times, and it takes its peak with age. Why do you think what prompts this disease to take a toll on your mental stability?
Alzheimer’s and Dementia

Reasons For Dementia and Alzheimer’s 

Two chemical toxic deposits are responsible to cause you the mental illnesses. These two chemical compounds of proteins cause damage to the brain cells and destruction to them. The performance of the brain subsides as it loses cognition and reasoning techniques over the time.

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Two proteins amyloid beta and tau in the brain contribute to the development of the disorder. In the brain of the Alzheimer’s, these two compounds inhibit as a clump. The former one stays outside the brain compartment, while the latter accumulates in the brain cells. The toxicity of the two proteins causes death to the brain cells in the patients with Alzheimer’s. 
The membrane-bound packages known as endosomes take part in ferrying these proteins in the cells. The defects in these endosomes defer the movement of the cells, and as a result, the brain cells die.  Both the proteins are regulated by the endosomal network. The whole process and the functions of the chemicals depend on this network.

How Does the New Invention Creating Possibilities for Better Treatments? 

Human brain cells developed from the stem cells hold the way to the possible treatments. Any compound, drug or any therapy such as gene therapy is apt to improve the functions of the endosomal connectivity properly. It is capable of targeting the defects in the endosomal network and further restricting their adverse effects to the brains caused by amyloid beta and tau protein. And hence, with a new therapy, it can avoid the defects of Alzheimer’s. 

The Study In Favor of the Stem Cells use in Alzheimer’s Treatment

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells or iPSC have the potential to develop into many cells with the same genetic mutation features found in the human cells. To act this way, iPSC undergoes the reset techniques, followed by the reprogramming. The characteristics of the cells remain the same in the skin of the Alzheimer’s patients. So, the researchers collected both the skin cells from the patients and healthy people and turned them into iPSC.

These skin cells received a cultural process to develop into neurons with the identical genetic mutation capability as the patients. Theses lab-grown neurons develop the same amount of amyloid beta and tau proteins as the Alzheimer’s patients do  Hence, it has made easier for the researcher to count the volume of the proteins in the lab-grown neurons.
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Further, the research establishes that a compound called retromer is responsible for improving the functions of the protein assembly in the brain in animals. And with the compound of R33, the functions of the retromer see a surge. Retromer then curbs the excessive production of the amyloid beta and tau proteins in the brain.
Hence, using iPSC, a new therapeutic treatment will open many ways to treat the conditions of Alzheimer’s.

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March 07, 2018

Type 1 Diabetes:Regenerative Stem Cells To Regrow Beta Cells

March 07, 2018 1

Regenerative Stem Cell Therapy To Regrow Beta Cells For Type 1 Diabetes

Thousands of progenitor cells inhabit the human pancreas. And they can breathe new life into many glucose-responsive beta cells. A cultural process at the laboratory can aid in the whole process. The scientists at the Diabetes Research Institute are seeing some possibility in this new finding. The development of glucose-responsive beta cells using progenitor cells is useful in developing regenerative cell therapies. And the patients with type 1 diabetes can receive a permanent and biological cure for this type of regenerative stem cell therapies.
Type 1 Diabetes

Why Is Type 1 Diabetes A Concern?


Diabetes is one of the widespread and daunting glucose disorders. The prevalence of the glucose immune disorder is rapidly increasing around the world. This is a condition, which is undying as long as the patient survives. Its dominance is high amongst the children. Type 1 Diabetes means living with a regular administration of insulin, followed by long-term of health issues.

It is an autoimmune disorder, which occurs when there is a vast destruction of the pancreatic β cells.

This is how therapies and new treatment option advocates for the restoration of the remaining beta cells, and regulation of T cell autoimmunity.
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Treatments for Type 1 Diabetes


Patients diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes have to rely on exogenous insulin. An extreme need for insulin becomes obvious when the immune system damages the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas.   However, when the condition deteriorates like glucose level rises above the normal, it seeks the intervention of medication rather than insulin.
diabetes insulin

Islet transplantation comes to the rescue of the patients during the situation. The surgery of islet transplantation is very popular, which needs the donor’s islet cells or the whole pancreas. It is able to regulate the blood glucose level, and no more insulin injections are required. But, there are scarcities of enough donor cells to treat the conditions for the patients with type 1 diabetes.

Stem Cell Transplant For The Cure Of Type 1 Diabetes


The islet transplant may cause many side effects and also lead to the failure of the transplant surgery.  Researchers have highlighted the other source of fruitful treatments. And it lies on the stem cell transplant. By developing more pancreatic cells from various sources like embryonic cells, pluripotent and adult stem cells, the curative treatment options are possible for type 1 diabetes. And the most effective options seem to lie in the regeneration of the insulin-producing cells from the patients themselves. Through regenerative therapy using the patient’s own pancreatic cells, it will eliminate the need of transplanting donor tissues. It will also be able to remove other hurdles from the treatment pathway.

How The Progenitor Cells Work To Develop Regenerative Therapy

Progenitor cells are capable of renewing islets in the pancreas. At the same time, they are proliferative, and hence they can turn them into beta-glucose cells. The ability to renew beta cells in the pancreas, it can lead to the development of the therapeutic treatment for the patients with type 1 diabetes.

The bone morphogenetic protein – 7 or (BMP-7) maintains the growth of the cells, and responsible for stimulating the progenitor-like cells. The cells in pancreas also respond to this protein. Other than this protein, PDX-1 and ALK3 involve in the development and regeneration of the beta cells. Therefore, it is possible to grow proliferative pancreatic cells in the presence of BMP-7 using ‘molecular fishing’ in the native pancreas. And with PDX 1 and ALK 3, they help them differentiate into beta cells.

With the regenerative medicine therapies, the native pancreas is able to restore insulin production. It eliminates the chances of transplant of insulin-producing cells and also the transplant of the pancreas.

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I am an avid health Blog writer. I write for several health sites and blogs, do thorough research work and accumulates all essential information that makes the blogs informative and enhances their value.